The 8th-grade curriculum focuses on the transition to an industrial society and the "Age of Enlightenment" :

The shift from manual labor to machine production, beginning in England .

Monarchs (like Frederick II) using Enlightenment ideas to reform their states while keeping absolute power . What caused the 1789 crisis?

Including the American War of Independence and the Great French Revolution .

The ideas of Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesquieu regarding human rights and government .

: Offers a detailed page-by-page breakdown of answers for various editions (2014–2022) .

Through trade monopolies (East India Companies) and military force to secure resources .

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