: They adopted a strict "Oyabun-Kobun" (father-son) hierarchy. Cultural Identity and Rituals
: Significant historical influence over the Japanese music and film industries. The Yakuza
: Members can no longer open bank accounts, sign leases, or get insurance. The Yakuza
: Most members came from the "Burakumin" (outcast) class. The Yakuza
In the 20th and 21st centuries, the Yakuza transitioned from street crime to high-level white-collar activity.
: The "Sokaiya" practice of extorting corporations by threatening to disrupt shareholder meetings. The Turning Point: Anti-Gang Legislation