: Internal loans are more than just debt; they are tools for tax optimization and capital reallocation that reduce reliance on external banking. Key Sections : Interest rate benchmarking (Transfer Pricing). Tax implications of debt-to-equity ratios. Risk management in "cash pooling." 2. Legal & Regulatory: Combating Fraudulent Schemes
: Loopholes in microfinance regulations allow for "circular" loan schemes that mask insolvency or facilitate capital flight. Key Sections : shema s zajmami
The role of Central Bank oversight in closing regulatory gaps. 3. Sociology/Economics: The "Debt Trap" Phenomenon : Internal loans are more than just debt;
: The Cycle of Credit: Socio-Economic Impacts of Informal Loan Schemes on Household Stability. shema s zajmami