Plant biology, or , is the scientific study of plant life, focusing on their structure, growth, reproduction, and metabolism. Plants are unique organisms that convert sunlight into energy and serve as the foundation for most ecosystems on Earth. 1. Core Anatomy & Structure

: Facilitated by lateral meristems, this increases the thickness (girth) of stems and roots, particularly in woody plants.

Plants are generally classified based on their vascular systems and reproductive methods:

: Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed within a fruit. 4. Recommended Resources

: Driven by apical meristems, this results in the lengthening of roots and shoots.

: The "anchor" of the plant, roots absorb water and essential nutrients from the soil.

: Often called the "kitchen" of the plant, they are the primary site for photosynthesis and gas exchange through microscopic openings called stomata . 2. Key Biological Processes