Hoped for freedom from feudal oppression and a better life in the "promised land."
Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont in 1095. Hoped for freedom from feudal oppression and a
Led by famous monarchs, including Richard the Lionheart and Philip II. Despite successes, they failed to recapture Jerusalem from Saladin. introduction of new crops (apricots
Expansion of trade between East and West, introduction of new crops (apricots, lemons, rice), and cultural exchange (medical knowledge, chess, mirror-making). and cultural exchange (medical knowledge
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Interested in territorial expansion and new power centers. 2. Key Events