Due to complex, overlapping layers of authority, it becomes difficult to pinpoint responsibility. Common Manifestations
A callous attitude toward individuals, treating people as files rather than humans, and isolating officials from the citizens they serve. bureaucratism
Placing strict adherence to rules and paperwork above efficiency, effectiveness, or common sense. Due to complex, overlapping layers of authority, it
The misuse of power by officials for personal gain. Historical and Theoretical Context The misuse of power by officials for personal gain
Resistance to change, innovation, or modernization, often resulting in a "tendency toward rigidity".
Bureaucratism refers to the negative, dysfunctional aspects of a bureaucracy—a system where formal rules, procedures, and officialdom hinder efficiency, common sense, and responsiveness to human needs. It is often characterized by red tape, excessive hierarchy, and the prioritizing of form over substance. Core Characteristics of Bureaucratism
A tendency to issue orders from above without understanding or caring for the reality on the ground.