Arq ❲Complete❳

combines traditional ARQ with Forward Error Correction (FEC) . The receiver attempts to correct small errors using error-correcting codes; if the error is too great, a retransmission is requested. This approach, specifically Type-II Hybrid ARQ , provides a more efficient approach in poor radio conditions, optimizing throughput. 6. Conclusion

SR provides the best throughput in high-error rate scenarios. combines traditional ARQ with Forward Error Correction (FEC)

An Adaptive Type-I1 hybrid ARQ/FEC Protocol - Clemson University the receiver discards all subsequent frames

ARQ is an indispensable tool for achieving reliable digital communication. While Stop-and-Wait is efficient for simple, low-delay networks, Go-Back-N and Selective Repeat are essential for modern high-speed networks. The hybrid approach (HARQ) offers the best balance of efficiency and reliability in modern wireless scenarios. While Stop-and-Wait is efficient for simple

g., protocol efficiency calculations, equations) or a ? Do youg., mobile networks, satellite)?

) before needing an ACK. If a frame is lost, the receiver discards all subsequent frames, and the sender must retransmit all frames starting from the lost one. Better utilization than Stop-and-Wait. Cons: High retransmission overhead in poor channels. 3.3. Selective Repeat ARQ (SR)

Requires complex buffering and ordering at the receiver. 4. Performance Considerations